Foto: wazzadu
Bisnis kos-kosan bisa menjadi jalan yang dipilih untuk mendapatkan cuan maksimal dalam bidang properti.
Itu karena cara mendapatkan profit dalam bisnis kos-kosan termasuk jelas.
Keuntungannya diperoleh dari uang sewa yang didapatkan secara rutin, baik bulanan maupun tahunan.
Namun tentu saja, bagi pemula atau yang baru terjun ke bisnis ini, cara memulainya bisa jadi membingungkan.
Banyak yang tak tahu, dari mana harus memulai bisnis kos-kosan.
Melalui artikel ini, Rumah123 ingin memberikan referensi awal terkait cara memulai bisnis tersebut dan beberapa tips pentingnya.
Jadi langsung saja, berikut adalah beberapa cara yang bisa ditempuh jika ingin bisnis kos-kosan.
Cara Bisnis Kos-kosan
Hitung Biaya Pembangunannya
Foto: Violka08 from Getty Images Pro via Canva Pro
Hal pertama yang mesti dilakukan untuk memulai bisnis kos-kosan adalah menghitung biaya pembangunannya.
Sebagai patokan, Anda bisa melihat contoh simulasi biaya pembangunan kos-kosan 10 kamar berikut ini, dilansir dari laman IDX Channel:
- Luas per kamar: 3×4 meter
- Luas tanah yang dibangun: 120 meter persegi
- Harga tanah per meter: Rp1 juta
- Biaya membangun per kamar: Rp2 juta per meter persegi
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Perhitungannya:
- Biaya pembelian tanah: 120 meter persegi x Rp1.000.000 = Rp120.000.000
- Biaya membangun satu kamar: 12 meter persegi x Rp2.000.000 = Rp24.000.000
- Biaya membangun 10 kamar: 10 x Rp24.000.000 = Rp240.000.000
- Biaya pembangunan keseluruhan kos-kosan: Rp240.000.000 + Rp120.000.000 = Rp360.000.000
Perlu digarisbawahi, angka di atas hanya merupakan simulasi perhitungan saja.
Jadi, biaya pembangunan secara real-nya bisa jadi sangat berbeda, tergantung harga material di pasaran, tergantung wilayah, dan tergantung upah tenaga kerjanya.
Namun, dengan mengetahui gambaran awal biaya pembangunannya, Anda jadi bisa punya perhitungan kasar berapa modal yang harus dikumpulkan.
Baca juga:
Cari Kost? Kenali Dulu Ragam Tipe Kost Sebelum Sewa
Kumpulkan Modal
Langkah berikutnya, Anda mesti mengumpulkan modal yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun kos-kosan.
Apakah ada cara bisnis kos-kosan tanpa modal?
Ada. Anda bisa mengumpulkan modal melalui investor, baik investor individual atau secara crowdfunding (urun dana).
Saat ini, ada sejumlah platform yang memungkinkan pebisnis untuk mendapatkan modal dari publik.
Namun nantinya, pebisnis tersebut harus membayar kewajibannya kepada investor berupa dividen.
Riset Pasar
Foto: juststock from Getty Images via Canva Pro
Setelah memiliki modal yang cukup, langkah selanjutnya dalam bisnis kos-kosan adalah melakukan riset pasar.
Beberapa faktor yang mesti diriset adalah:
- permintaan di lokasi yang diinginkan;
- persaingan di lokasi yang diincar;
- tingkat hunian kos-kosan;
- harga sewa yang umum; dan
- fasilitas yang dicari oleh penyewa.
Intinya, Anda mesti mengetahui apakah di lokasi tertentu pasarnya potensial atau tidak.
Lalu, Anda juga harus memahami apa yang menjadi keinginan target pasar mengenai kos-kosan di lokasi tersebut.
Baca juga:
Mengenal Bisnis Kontrakan dan Kost-kostan: Keuntungan, Kekurangan, serta Tipsnya
Buat Perencanaan Bisnis
Foto: c-George from Getty Images via Canva Pro
Setelah memahami seperti pasar potensial bisnis kos-kosan di lokasi tertentu, Anda mesti membuat perencanaan yang matang.
Beberapa hal yang mesti dibahas dalam perencanaan bisnis di antaranya adalah:
- gambaran umum bisnis;
- strategi pemasaran;
- analisis keuangan; dan
- rencana operasional.
Persiapkan Soal Perizinan
Foto: Galeanu Mihai from Getty Images via Canva Pro
Sama seperti bisnis lainnya, bisnis kos-kosan juga harus mengantongi izin.
Dengan adanya izin tersebut, operasional bisnis bisa berjalan lebih lancar karena tidak adanya sengketa.
Bahkan saat proses pembelian tanah, Anda harus memastikan tanahnya sudah memiliki sertifikat yang jelas.
Proses Pembangunan atau Renovasi
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Ada dua cara yang bisa dilakukan dalam pembangunan kos-kosan.
Pertama, Anda bisa membangun bangunannya dari nol, dari lahan kosong.
Contohnya, Anda membeli tanah di dekat Podomoro Park Bandung, lalu dibuat menjadi kos-kosan.
Kedua, Anda dapat merenovasi bangunan yang sudah ada untuk menjadi kos-kosan.
Namun sebelum proses pembangunannya dimulai, pastikan Anda sudah memiliki perencanaan yang matang, seperti perencanaan denah dan desainnya.
Baca juga:
Bisnis Properti? Simak 5 Desain Rumah Kos-kosan |Dilengkapi Kisaran Harga
Pasarkan Kos-kosan Anda
Jika bangunannya sudah jadi dan siap digunakan, tugas Anda berikutnya adalah memasarkan kos-kosannya.
Anda bisa memasarkannya dari mulut ke mulut atau melalui platform digital seperti media sosial atau situs khusus untuk sewa-menyewa kos-kosan.
Kelola Secara Efisien
Tahap terakhir dalam model bisnis kos-kosan adalah melakukan manajemen propertinya.
Anda bisa mengatur bisnisnya secara sendiri, atau mempekerjakan orang yang memang sudah ahli dalam hal manajemen properti.
Tips Bisnis Kos-kosan
Jangan Asal Berbisnis
Foto: seekingalpha.com
Satu hal yang perlu diingat dalam berbisnis kos-kosan ialah jangan asal membangun bisnis begitu saja. Buatlah perencanaan yang matang mulai dana, strategi, hingga promosi.
Meski Anda memiliki budget yang cukup atau lebih, jangan sampai uang terbuang begitu saja karena Anda tak memiliki perencanaan.
Riset Pasar yang Tepat
Foto: fiverr.com
Guna mendukung poin sebelumnya, mari kita mulai dari langkah satu ini. Melakukan riset pasar sebelum benar-benar terjun ke dunia bisnis properti merupakan hal yang sangat penting.
Anda tentu harus tahu pangsa pasar indekos tersebut, apakah mahasiswa atau karyawan. Tentukan target yang tepat, sehingga Anda akan lebih mudah memilih properti yang akan dibeli atau dibangun.
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Contohnya, kawasan Jatinangor cocok untuk kosan mahasiswa karena ada kampus Unpad, IPDN, dan ITB di sana.
Rumah di lokasi ini, seperti Perumahan Blok X sangat prospektif untuk dikontrakkan untuk mahasiswa.
Pilih Lokasi dan Bangunan yang Tepat
Setelah riset pasar dilakukan, sekarang saatnya untuk menentukan bangunan yang tepat untuk dijadikan kos-kosan.
Ada beberapa kriteria yang bisa Anda jadikan patokan. Pertama, pilihlah lokasi strategis yang dekat dengan keramaian. Bagaimanapun tempat tinggal harus dekat dengan berbagai fasilitas publik.
Jika bisa kos-kosan harus berada dekat dengan perkantoran atau kampus, sehingga penyewa akan melirik rumah kos-kosan Anda.
Bangunannya pun harus tepat guna, jumlah kamar yang memadai dan juga dengan kondisi baik menjadi hal yang tetap harus diperhatikan.
Baca juga:
Sebelum Menyewa, Kenali Dulu Ragam Tipe Kost Berikut Ini
Fasilitas Rumah Kos
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Selanjutnya Anda pun harus memperhatikan fasilitas yang ada di dalam kos-kosan, misalnya kamar mandi, dapur bersama, tempat parkir, wi-fi, hingga jasa laundry yang dapat memudahkan para penyewa.
Lengkapnya fasilitas yang ada tentu akan menentukan harga sewa rumah kos. Selain itu, jika fasilitas terbilang memadai bahkan menarik, pastinya akan mendatangkan banyak calon penghuni kos.
Fasilitas kos juga berhubungan dengan target pasar yang ada di wilayahnya. Jika lokasinya berada di kawasan premium, tentunya kos pun bisa dilengkapi fasilitas istimewa.
Contohnya rumah kos New Alesha, BSD City, yang dilengkapi kolam renang dan area berjemur khusus.
Konsep Kamar Kos
Foto: roohome.com
Jika ingin menambah daya tarik untuk bisnis kos-kosan, maka Anda bisa melakukan hal satu ini. Misalnya saja menyuguhkan konsep unik dan berbeda pada kamar kos.
Kamar estetik dengan gaya industrial atau kamar kos dengan jendela besar yang cantik, tentu menarik minat pasar. Tapi, Anda pun harus mengeluarkan budget lebih besar untuk poin satu ini.
Kebersihan dan Kenyamanan
Menjaga kebersihan rumah kost merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatikan. Anda bisa menyewa jasa kebersihan untuk menunjang poin satu ini.
Berlakukan juga peraturan-peraturan yang berkaitan dengan kebersihan dan kenyamanan, misalnya peraturan membuang sampah, jam malam, dan sebagainya.
Harga Sewa yang Bersaing
Setelah hal teknis terpenuhi, langkah selanjutnya adalah menentukan harga sewa. Lakukan riset terlebih dahulu, cari tahu berapa harga sewa indekos dalam jangka waktu tertentu di wilayah tersebut.
Jika memiliki kelebihan atau fasilitas yang lengkap, Anda juga boleh menaikkan harga sewa. Jangan sampai Anda asal dalam mematok harga sewa, ya.
Jadilah Pemilik Kos yang Menyenangkan
Meski hanya sebuah bisnis, namun cobalah untuk menjadi pemilik sewa kos yang baik dan menyenangkan.
Kos-kosan sejatinya adalah tempat tinggal, untuk itu buatlah suasana nyaman dan aman sehingga penghuni merasa betah.
Baik tak berarti tidak tegas, namun Anda pun harus mengenal satu per satu penghuni jika perlu.
Apalagi jika kosan Anda diperuntukkan bagi mahasiswa, biasanya orang tua penghuni akan menitipkan putra-putrinya pada Anda. Karena itu, bersikaplah ramah dan bertanggung jawab.
Hal ini juga bisa jadi daya tarik bagi bisnis kos-kosan Anda, keramahan tentu akan menarik lebih banyak penyewa di kemudian hari.
***
Anda sekarang sudah mengetahui cara memulai dan tips dalam bisnis kos-kosan.
Ingat ya, segala keputusan bisnis dan investasi harus berdasarkan pertimbangan yang matang.
Dan apapun jenis bisnisnya, pasti memiliki risikonya tersendiri.
Artikel ini bukan merupakan saran atau rekomendasi agar Anda untuk melakukan bisnis tertentu, tapi merupakan referensi awal.
Untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut seputar bisnis kos-kosan, Anda mesti berkonsultasi dengan ahlinya, seperti pada pebisnisnya langsung atau investor.
Atau, Anda juga bisa berdiskusi di forum Teras123 dengan expert di bidang properti.