Tanah petok D merupakan istilah umum dalam dunia properti di Indonesia.
Istilah tersebut merujuk pada bidang tanah yang dokumen kepemilikannya masih berstatus petok D.
Tanah petok D masih banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, terutama tanah-tanah yang berada di kawasan pedesaan.
Namun, yang patut diketahui, tanah petok D tergolong sebagai bidang tanah yang tidak bersertifikat sehingga status kepemilikannya terbilang lemah.
Namun, tanah petok D masih bisa diperjualbelikan.
Hanya saja, jika berniat membeli tanah tersebut, Anda wajib mengonversi hak kepemilikannya menjadi Sertifikat Hak Milik (SHM).
Mengapa demikian? Nah, untuk mengetahui jawaban lengkapnya, yuk simak ulasan mengenai petok D di bawah ini!
Baca juga:
7 Tips Membeli Tanah Kavling yang Aman dan Menguntungkan
Apa Itu Petok D?
Seperti yang telah disebutkan di atas, tanah berstatus petok D masih banyak beredar di kawasan pedesaan.
Hal tersebut disebabkan karena pada zaman dahulu, petok D diakui sebagai bukti kepemilikan seseorang atas bidang tanah.
Petok D adalah surat keterangan pemilikan tanah dari kepala desa dan camat.
Pada saat itu, dokumen ini memiliki kedudukan yang sama dengan sertifikat tanah yang ada saat ini.
Akan tetapi, setelah terbitnya UU No.5/1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria, petok D tidak lagi diakui sebagai bukti kepemilikan atas tanah/bangunan.
Setelah terbitnya UUPA, bukti kepemilikan tanah yang diakui sesuai hukum Indonesia adalah sertifikat.
Dokumen ini berubah fungsi menjadi alat bukti pembayaran pajak tanah ke kantor Direktorat Iuran Pembangunan Daerah atau IPEDA.
Maka itu, jika tertarik membeli bidang tanah berstatus petok D, Anda wajib mengonversinya menjadi SHM.
Tujuannya, agar kepemilikan properti tersebut diakui menurut hukum Indonesia.
Petok D sendiri hanya berfungsi sebagai bukti permulaan untuk mendapatkan tanda bukti hak atas tanah secara yuridis, yaitu SHM.
Tata cara dan syarat mengubah petok D ke SHM, telah diatur secara jelas dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 mengenai Pendaftaran Tanah.
Dalam beleid tersebut, disebutkan bahwa pengurusan petok D ke SHM dapat dilakukan di Kantor Kelurahan/Desa, yang dilanjutkan ke kantor ATR/BPN setempat.
Agar lebih jelas, berikut alur konversi Petok D ke SHM.
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Cara Mengubah Petok D ke SHM
1. Mengurus ke Kantor Kelurahan
Di kantor kelurahan atau desa, Anda harus membuat surat keterangan tanah tidak sengketa yang ditandatangani pejabat terkait.
Penandatanganan surat baiknya turut melibatkan pejabat RT dan RW, serta tokoh masyarakat setempat.
Selain membuat surat keterangan tanah tidak sengketa, dokumen lain yang harus diurus antara lain riwayat tanah dan surat keterangan penguasaan tanah.
2. Mengurus ke Kantor BPN
Setelah mengurus berkas-berkas di kantor kelurahan atau desa, Anda bisa menyambangi kantor ATR/BPN setempat untuk melakukan pendaftaran tanah.
Tahapan pengurusannya adalah sebagai berikut:
- Menyerahkan dokumen pengurusan kepada petugas loket.
- Dokumen yang dibawa akan diperiksa dan diverifikasi oleh petugas.
- Petugas akan melakukan survei lokasi dan pengukuran tanah sesuai dengan batas yang ada dalam surat petok D.
- Hasil pengukuran tersebut akan digunakan untuk membuat surat ukur.
- Dokumen ini diterbitkan oleh kantor pertanahan dan ditandatangani oleh pejabat berwenang, seperti seksi pengukuran dan pemetaan BPN.
- Setelahnya, Anda perlu menunggu selama 60 hari untuk pengumuman yuridis yang dilakukan di kantor kelurahan atau balai desa dan BPN.
- Pemohon harus membayar Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah (BPHTB) sebelum sertifikat diterbitkan. Besar BPHTB ditentukan berdasarkan Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP) dan luas tanah.
- Pejabat setempat akan mengeluarkan Surat Keputusan (SK) atas hak atas tanah. Namun, ini bukan sertifikat final, karena proses pensertifikatan masih dilakukan di Sub Seksi Pendaftaran Hak dan Informasi.
Nah, untuk mempermudah pengukuran, disarankan Anda menandai batas tanah dengan patok.
Setelah mengikuti tahap demi tahap di atas, selanjutnya Anda tinggal menunggu sampai sertifikat terbit dan petok D berubah menjadi SHM.
3. Biaya Petok D ke SHM
Untuk mengurus petok D ke SHM, memerlukan beberapa komponen biaya.
Besaran biaya pun akan bergantung pada luas tanah atau lahan yang dimiliki.
Komponen biaya tersebut, meliputi:
- Tarif ukur
- Tarif panitia penilai A
- Biaya pelayanan pendaftaran tanah
- Biaya administrasi
- Biaya untuk petugas ukur
- Biaya sertifikasi tanah
Baca juga:
Kekuatan Hukum Jual Beli Tanah dengan Kwitansi, Apakah Sah? Begini Dasar Hukumnya!
Untuk menghitung biaya pengukuran tanah dan biaya panitia penilai A, simak uraian berikut ini:
Biaya Pengukuran Tanah (TU)
Untuk luas tanah di bawah 10 hektare (10.000 meter persegi), rumus perhitungannya adalah sebagai berikut:
- TU = (L/500 x HSBKpa – Harga satuan biaya khusus kegiatan pengukuran) + Rp100.000
Biaya Panitia Penilai A
Untuk menghitung biaya panitia penilai A, gunakan rumus berikut ini:
- TPA = (L/500 x HSBKpa – Harga satuan biaya khusus panitia penilai A) + Rp350.000
FAQ:
1. Apakah Perbedaan Letter C dan Petok D?
Perbedaan letter C dan petok D terletak pada statusnya.
Letter C mempunyai status sebagai buku register pertanahan, sedangkan petok D merupakan surat yang menunjukkan ha katas tanah tersebut.
2. Apakah Tanah Petok D Bisa Diubah ke SHM?
Jawabannya bisa, tetapi supaya pengajuan mengubah petok D ke SHM lebih lancar, siapkan beberapa dokumen berikut ini terlebih dahulu:
- Surat petok D asli
- Bukti surat keterangan waris
- Surat keterangan penguasaan tanah
- Surat pernyataan lahan tidak sengketa
- Identitas pemilik tanah (KTP)
- Kartu keluarga (KK)
- Bukti pembayaran SPT PBB
3. Berapa Lama Proses Petok D ke SHM?
Paling tidak proses petok D ke SHM membutuhkan 60 hari kerja.
Waktu pembuatan 60 hari kerja menjadi tolok ukur untuk memastikan, bahwa tidak ada pihak yang keberatan dengan permohonan mengubah petok D tersebut menjadi SHM.
4. Apakah Petok D Bisa Digadaikan di Bank?
Petok D dapat dijadikan sebagai jaminan dalam pemberian suatu kredit, tetapi kedudukannya hanya sebagai jaminan tambahan saja.
***
Demikianlah informasi mengenai petok D yang penting untuk diketahui.
Punya pertanyaan seputar properti? Yuk, ngobrol di Teras123!
Semoga ulasan di atas bisa bermanfaat ya.