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8 Desain Tata Ruang Kantor yang Bikin Kerja Produktif
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Terakhir diperbarui 25 Juni 2024 · 8 min read · by Yongky Yulius

bentuk tata ruang kantor

Tata ruang kantor adalah aspek yang mesti diperhatikan agar operasional bisnis perusahaan bisa berjalan lancar.

Jika tata ruang kantornya tepat, karyawan bisa bekerja lebih produktif, inovatif, dan kreatif.

Lantas, apa itu tata ruang kantor?

Dalam bukunya yang berjudul Manajemen Administrasi Perkantoran (1973), Ida Nuraida menjelaskan, tata ruang kantor adalah pengaturan ruang kantor dengan alat-alat dan perabotan pada luas lantai dan ruangan yang tersedia, untuk memberikan sarana bagi pegawai.

Sementara itu, laman DIOUS FUrniture (dious-furniture.com) menjelaskan, pengertian tata ruang kantor adalah penataan ruang dan pengorganisasian benda-benda fisik di tempat kerja, mencakup penempatan strategis furnitur, peralatan, dan komponen lainnya untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang fungsional.

Namun tentu saja, tata ruang kantor itu mesti disesuaikan dengan jenis perusahaannya.

Creative agency yang bergerak di bidang digital marketing, tentu akan memiliki tata ruang yang berbeda dengan sebuah firma hukum.

Sebagai referensi, di bawah ini Anda bisa mengetahui mengenai beberapa hal mengenai tata ruang kantor, mulai dari jenis-jenis tata ruang kantor dan kelebihan serta kekurangannya.

Macam-Macam Desain Tata Ruang Kantor

Tata Ruang Kantor sekaligus Hunian (SOHO)

apartemen soho

Sudah banyak developer yang mengembangkan hunian sekaligus tempat bekerja seperti SOHO.

Small office home office atau SOHO umumnya dibangun pada sebuah apartemen.

Tata ruang SOHO bisa menyesuaikan dengan luas unit yang tersedia.

Misalnya unit tersebut didesain dengan konsep mezzanine, maka ruang atas digunakan sebagai hunian sementara di bagian bawah merupakan ruang kerja.

Unit SOHO banyak dipilih oleh para freelancer, pegawai kantoran dengan sistem work from home (WFH), atau pebisnis startup.

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Keunggulan Tata Ruang Kantor Sekaligus Hunian

  • Lebih fleksibel karena berfungsi sebagai tempat tinggal dan kantor
  • Lebih hemat biaya sewa
  • Biaya pemeliharaan yang tidak terlalu besar

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Sekaligus Hunian

  • Tidak ada ruang meeting khusus
  • Tidak bisa merekrut banyak karyawan karena ruangnya terbatas

Desain Tata Ruang Kantor Terbuka (Open Office)

definisi tata letak kantor

Foto: Pinterest

Bentuk tata ruang kantor terbuka merupakan salah satu desain tata letak yang paling banyak digunakan perusahaan.

Sebut saja perusahaan kreatif, startup teknologi, dan bahkan organisasi besar yang sedang berkembang.

Penggunakan jenis layout ini berfokus pada penyediaan ruang terbuka, dibandingkan dengan desain kubus yang lebih tradisional.

Dalam penggunaan open-plan office, tidak ada dinding pemisah yang mengganggu karena didominasi oleh meja kerja memanjang.

Jika hendak sewa kantor, saat ini ada sejumlah perusahaan properti yang menyediakan kantor jenis ini.

tebus rumah

Kelebihan Desain Tata Kantor Terbuka

  • Dapat lebih mudah meningkatkan komunikasi
  • Pola kerja lebih efisien
  • Lebih hemat biaya

Kekurangan Desain Tata Kantor Terbuka

  • Privasi antar-karyawan lebih minim
  • Ruangan lebih berisik
  • Mudah memecah konsentrasi karyawan

Tata Ruang Kantor Berpanorama  (Landscape Office)

ruang kantor lanskap

Foto: archello

Tipe kantor berpanorama mengacu pada desain interior kantor yang menyenangkan dan unik.

Dalam praktiknya, jenis kantor ini melibatkan banyak desain interior untuk mengoptimalkan kenyamanan.

Di antaranya berupa penempatan tanaman, penggunaan cahaya alami, dan beberapa karya seni.

Banyak orang percaya, hadirnya bentuk tata letak kantor ini dapat menciptakan komunikasi, kolaborasi dan kerja tim antara karyawan.

Jenis tata ruang kantor ini paling sering digunakan oleh perusahaan startup atau agency yang mengembangkan ide-ide kreatif.

Keunggulan Tata Ruang Kantor Berpanorama

  • Lingkungan kerja yang kondusif 
  • Suasana kantor yang lebih menyenangkan
  • Bisa meningkatkan kreativitas karyawan

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Berpanorama

  • Biaya perawatan dan konstruksi lebih mahal
  • Memiliki banyak ornamen kurang penting

Baca juga:

Bagaimana Cara Menata Interior Kantor yang Ideal? Ini Tipsnya

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Desain Tata Ruang Kantor Bilik (Cubicle Office)

bentuk ruang kantor bilik

Tipe ruang kantor ini biasa disebut kantor bilik, serta paling sering digunakan di kantor-kantor formal.

Jenis kantor bilik adalah jenis desain tata letak tertutup, di mana ruang kerja dipisahkan dengan dinding partisi yang mengelilingi meja kerja.

Sejalan dengan fakta di lapangan, cubicle office membentuk formasi atau desain barisan yang umumnya membutuhkan ruangan lebih luas.

Keuntungan Tata Ruang Kantor Bilik

  • Karyawan memiliki privasi yang terjaga
  • Karyawan bisa lebih produktif saat bekerja
  • Terbebas dari gangguan

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Bilik

  • Sulit mengawasi karyawan
  • Sulit menjalin komunikasi antar-karyawan

Desain Tata Ruang Kantor Bersama (Coworking Office)

tata letak kantor bersama

Tidak mau pusing mengatur hingga mendesain ruang kantor?

Co-working space bisa jadi salah satu opsi sewa kantor yang mampu mengakomodasi kebutuhan bisnis.

Sebagai pihak ketiga, co-working space telah dilengkapi dengan fasilitas sewa kantor seperti mesin kopi, printer, ruang pertemuan, hingga kursi bean bag.

Kelebihan Tata Ruang Kantor Co-working Space

  • Biaya sewa murah
  • Tidak perlu mengeluarkan biaya perawatan rutin
  • Komunikasi antara rekan kerja jauh lebih mudah

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Co-working Space

  • Harus booking lebih dulu untuk menggunakan ruang kerja dan meeting
  • Ruang kerja rentan bising dan bisa mengganggu pekerjaan

Baca juga:

8 Inspirasi Desain Kantor Minimalis yang Nyaman agar Lebih Produktif

Desain Kantor Gabungan/Hybrid (Hybrid Office)

ruang kantor gabungan

Foto: alloffice.space

Desain tata ruang kantor gabungan atau hybrid bisa jadi solusi tepat buat Anda yang ingin memiliki layout kantor semi-terbuka.

Dengan menggunakan gaya ini, Anda dapat memadupadankan berbagai jenis tata letak ruang kantor.

Misalnya Anda dapat menggabungkan beberapa bilik, ruang kerja bersama dan ruang terbuka untuk mendesain kantor secara inovatif.

Kelebihan Tata Ruang Kantor Gabungan

  • Desain ruang kantor yang lebih dinamis 
  • Suasana ruangan tidak monoton
  • Karyawan dapat bebas memilih tempat yang diinginkan

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Gabungan

  • Biaya perawatan lebih mahal
  • Terlalu banyak ornamen tidak penting

Layout Tata Ruang Kantor Tertutup

Ruangan di dalam tata ruang kantor tertutup

Foto: Bongkarngraphic from bongkarngraphic via Canva Pro

Karakteristik dari kantor yang satu ini kurang lebih sama seperti tata ruang kantor bilik atau cubicle office, yaitu sama-sama tertutup.

Kendati demikian, ruangan untuk karyawannya dibuat lebih tertutup lagi.

Biasanya, kantornya terdiri dari beberapa ruangan yang tertutup, satu ruangan ditempati satu karyawan atau lebih.

Adapun kantor yang cocok menerapkan tata ruang ini adalah kantor yang hanya diisi oleh jajaran manajemen atas saja.

Jadi, saat berada di kantor bisa merasakan privasi lebih baik.

Kelebihan Tata Ruang Kantor Tertutup

  • Setiap karyawan bisa lebih fokus bekerja di ruang pribadi tanpa gangguan eksternal.
  • Menjaga kerahasiaan dan keamanan informasi sensitif.
  • Karyawan bisa punya kontrol lebih atas ruang kerja mereka, seperti pencahayaan, suhu, dan kebisingan.
  • Karyawan bisa lebih merasa dihargai karena diberi ruang khusus untuk bekerja.

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Tertutup

  • Tata ruang kantor bisa menghambat alur komunikasi dan kolaborasi antartim.
  • Karyawan bisa merasa terisolasi secara sosial karena kurang berinteraksi dengan rekan kerja.
  • Biaya pemeliharaan per ruangannya bisa lebih tinggi ketimbang tata ruang kantor terbuka.

banner_homeowner

Jenis Tata Ruang Kantor Berbasis Kelompok (Team-Based)

Ruangan di dalam tata ruang kantor berbasis tim

Foto: VioletaStoimenova from Getty Images Signature via Canva Pro

Tata ruang kantor ini dikenal juga sebagai team-based workspace.

Jadi, lingkungan kerja pada kantornya dirancang agar mendukung kolaborasi dan interaksi antara anggota tim atau kelompok kerja tertentu.

Contohnya, ruang kerja antara tim marketing dan tim sales dibuat secara berdekatan, sehingga memudahkan adanya pertukaran ide dan diskusi antara anggota tim.

Atau, terdapat peralatan tekonologi kolaboratif yang bisa dirancang secara bersama, seperti layar sentuh interaktif, proyektor, dan perangkat lunak kolaboratif.

Kelebihan Tata Ruang Kantor Berbasis Kelompok

  • Memudahkan kolaborasi antaranggota tim, pertukaran ide, serta diskusi.
  • Mengurangi hambatan komunikasi dan bisa mempercepat proses pengambilan keputusan dalam tim.
  • Pembagian sumber daya yang efisien, seperti ruang, peralatan, dan fasilitas bersama.

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Berbasis Kelompok

  • Tingkat konsentrasi karyawan bisa terganggu karena tidak ada ruang pribadi.
  • Bisa terjadi ketidakseimbangan partisipasi, di mana ada anggota tim yang lebih mendominasi diskusi.
  • Beberapa karyawan bisa saja merasa kurang nyaman karena tidak terdapat privasi.

Jenis Tata Ruang Kantor Kreatif

Kantor kreatiif dengan desain seperti kapal laut

Foto: ivldesign.com

Seperti namanya, ini adalah kantor yang mengutamakan kreativitas dalam interiornya.

Tujuannya adalah, memicu kreativitas karyawan dan merasa karyawan tidak seperti sedang bekerja secara formal, tapi seperti bekerja secara kasual agar ide-ide inovatif bisa cepat muncul.

Lantaran kreatif, ada sejumlah ornamen tidak umum yang biasanya ditambahkan di area kantornya.

Misalnya, di area kantornya terdapat area untuk bermain game PlayStation, ada area untuk bermain basket, bahkan kolam ikan yang dirancang sedemikan rupa agar cantik.

Tata ruang kantor kreatif ini cocok untuk perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang creative agency, brand pakaian, brand peralatan olahraga, periklanan, desain, dan teknologi.

Kelebihan Tata Ruang Kantor Kreatif

  • Desain kantor kreatif bisa merangsang kreativitas dan imajinasi karyawan.
  • Visual di kantor kreatif bisa menginspirasi dan meningkatkan mood.
  • Desain kantornya bisa memperkuat brand image perusahaan, menciptakan kesan positif bagi pelamar kerja dan stakeholders terkait.

Kekurangan Tata Ruang Kantor Kreatif

  • Dibutuhkan biaya besar untuk menambahkan ornamen kreatif pada kantor.
  • Harus berkonsultasi dengan jasa desain interior. Anda tentu membutuhkan bujet tambahan.
  • Tata ruang kantor kreatif bisa jadi kurang sesuai dengan beberapa perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bisnis dengan fokus tinggi, seperti keuangan atau hukum.

Masih ada pertanyaan? Ngobrol di Teras123, ruang untuk ngobrolin desain properti.

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