Pembangunan perumahan tidak bisa dilakukan sembarangan, ada jenis-jenis izin perumahan skala kecil yang harus diurus oleh developer.
Berbagai perizinan ini terbilang penting, sebab dapat mengukuhkan legalitas bangunan yang nantinya akan dibangun oleh pengembang.
Dari sisi pembeli, perizinan semacam ini mampu meningkatkan kepercayaan mereka terhadap pengembang perumahan.
Namun, sebelum membahas berbagai perizinan tersebut, ketahui dulu pengertian dari perumahan skala kecil.
Apa Itu Perumahan Skala Kecil?
Secara umum, perumahan skala kecil adalah permukiman yang dibangun dengan luas antara 1–25 hektare.
Artinya, izin perumahan skala kecil dikeluarkan pemerintah (kota/kabupaten) untuk pembangunan perumahan dengan luas tersebut.
Karena lahan yang dijadikan perumahan tidak terlalu luas, unit rumah yang tersedia di permukiman tersebut jumlahnya terbatas.
Umumnya, hanya tersedia belasan hingga puluhan unit rumah.
Kemudian, ada pula perumahan skala kecil yang dipasarkan untuk rumah subsidi dengan harga terjangkau.
Jika dibandingkan, izin membangun perumahan kecil memang tidak sebanyak perumahan berskala besar.
Setidaknya, ada delapan jenis-jenis izin perumahan skala kecil yang wajib dikantongi oleh para pengembang.
Apa saja? Berikut uraiannya!
Jenis-Jenis Izin Perumahan Skala Kecil
1. Izin Lingkungan Setempat
Izin pertama yang yang harus diurus adalah izin lingkungan setempat.
Syarat pengajuan izin lingkungan terdiri dari:
- Surat pengantar permohonan izin lingkungan.
- Mengisi formulir UKL-UPL/DPLH yang disusun sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.16 Tahun 2012 tentang Pedoman Penyusunan Dokumen Lingkungan Hidup.
- Melampirkan profil perusahaan dan akta notaris atas nama perusahaan.
2. Izin Rencana Umum Tata Ruang
Selanjutnya, ada izin rencana tata ruang.
Terkait izin ini, aturannya tertera dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 21 tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penataan Ruang.
Izin ini dikeluarkan oleh Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) di setiap provinsi, kabupaten, dan kota.
3. Izin Pemanfaatan Lahan
Kemudian, developer juga wajib mengurus izin pemanfaatan lahan.
Syarat untuk mendapat perizinan tersebut, antara lain:
- Fotokopi KTP
- Fotokopi Akta Pendirian dan Pengesahan, serta Akta Perubahan
- Fotokopi Bukti Kepemilikan Tanah/Surat Keterangan Penguasaan Tanah
- Fotokopi SPPT tahun terakhir
- Gambar rencana tata letak bangunan/gambar situasi/dokumen lingkungan AMDAL/UKL -SPPL (untuk kegiatan tertentu)
- Izin lingkungan untuk kegiatan yang dipersyaratkan AMDAL/UKL–UPL
Selain itu, pemohon juga wajib untuk melampirkan surat persetujuan, seperti:
- Surat pemanfaatan lahan dari walikota untuk kegiatan tertentu sesuai dengan pelimpahan kewenangan.
- Rekomendasi penggunaan lahan dari Bappeda untuk kegiatan tertentu sesuai dengan pelimpahan kewenangan.
- Surat kuasa apabila dikuasakan.
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4. Izin Lokasi
Merujuk Peraturan Menteri ATR/BPN No. 17 tahun 2019, izin lokasi diberikan kepada pelaku usaha untuk memperoleh tanah yang diperlukan sebagai usaha.
5. Izin Badan Lingkungan Hidup
Izin dari Badan Lingkungan Hidup (BLH) diberikan oleh Kepala Daerah berdasarkan hasil evaluasi Dokumen Lingkungan Hidup (DLH).
Jika ingin mendapat izin BLH, sebaiknya susun DLH terlebih dulu agar surat Izin Perumahan Skala Kecil bisa keluar.
6. Izin Dampak Lalu Lintas (Andalalin)
Izin dampak lalu lintas juga wajib diurus, sebab pembangunan perumahan pasti berdampak pada kondisi lalu-lintas sekitar.
Untuk menghindari keluhan dan hal-hal lain yang tidak diinginkan, maka kamu wajib memiliki izin ini.
Adapun dasar hukum yang mengatur analisis dampak lalu lintas (andalalin), yaitu Undang-Undang No. 22/2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan Pasal 99 Ayat 1.
7. Izin Pengesahan Site Plan
Izin pengesahan site plan merupakan salah satu izin perumahan skala kecil yang sangat penting.
Dengan adanya contoh site plan, tidak hanya pengembang yang diuntungkan, tetapi juga pembeli properti.
Untuk mendapat izin pengesahan site plan, ada sejumlah syarat yang wajib dipenuhi oleh developer, di antaranya:
- Surat permohonan
- Fotokopi KTP pemohon
- Bukti kepemilikan/legalitas lahan
- Surat keterangan bebas banjir
- Fotokopi izin lokasi
- Legalitas profil perusahaan
- Fotokopi izin lingkungan atau SPPL
- Gambar rencana site plan
- Rekomendasi PLN dan PDAM
- Gambar desain bangunan perumahan
8. Pendaftaran Penanaman Modal atau Pendaftaran Investasi
Kemudian, developer juga harus melakukan pendaftaran penanaman modal atau pendaftaran investasi.
Sejatinya, ini merupakan pengajuan izin prinsip.
Namun, sejak 2 Januari 2018, pemerintah mengubahnya menjadi Pendaftaran Penanaman Modal atau Pendaftaran Investasi (PI).
Syarat Mengajukan Izin Perumahan Skala Kecil
Untuk memiliki izin perumahan skala kecil, pengembang harus memenuhi beberapa persyaratan, yaitu:
- Luas lahan pengembangan tidak boleh lebih dari 25 hektare
- Memenuhi delapan persyaratan perizinan yang dibutuhkan
- Wajib memiliki Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB)
- Lahan yang digunakan sudah memiliki Sertifikat Hak Milik (SHM)
- Wajib memahami peraturan pemerintah daerah setempat.
IMB menjadi syarat wajib untuk mendapat izin perumahan skala kecil.
Pasalnya, dokumen ini penting bagi developer yang ingin menjual rumah dengan sistem Kredit Pemilikan Rumah atau KPR.
Tidak hanya IMB, SHM juga memiliki kedudukan yang sama pentingnya, agar setiap rumah yang dibangun memiliki legalitas secara hukum.
Setelah seluruh persyaratan di atas terpenuhi, barulah mendatangi kantor pemerintah setempat untuk menyerahkan dokumen.
Kemudian, petugas akan memeriksa semua legalitas dokumen dan mengeluarkan izin.
Demikianlah informasi mengenai izin perumahan skala kecil yang perlu diketahui.
Punya pertanyaan lain seputar properti? Yuk, diskusikan di Teras123!
Semoga ulasan di atas bermanfaat, ya.
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